Phosphofructokinase, Liver (PFKL)

The PFKL gene encodes the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase (PFK) (ATP:D-fructose-6-phosphate-1-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.11). PFK catalyzes the irreversible conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and is a key regulatory enzyme in glycolysis. Mammalian PFK is a tetramer made up of various combinations of 3 subunits: muscle (PFKM), liver (PFKL), and platelet (PFKP), the genes for which are located on chromosomes 12q13, 21q22, and 10p, respectively. The composition of the tetramers differs according to the tissue type. Muscle and liver PFK are a homotetramers of 4M and 4L subunits, respectively. Erythrocytes contain both L and M subunits, which randomly tetramerize to form M4, L4, M3L, M2L2, and ML3 hybrid forms of the holoenzyme.