Synovial Apoptosis Inhibitor 1 (SYVN1)

SYVN1is a protein involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation. The protein removes unfolded proteins, accumulated during ER stress, by retrograde transport to the cytosol from the ER. This protein uses the ubiquitin-proteasome system for additional degradation of unfolded proteins. This gene and the mitochondrial ribosomal protein L49 gene use in their respective 3' UTRs some of the same genomic sequence. Sequence analysis identified two transcript variants that encode different isoforms.The N-terminal half of the deduced 616-amino acid protein contains 6 transmembrane domains and a RING finger domain, and it shares homology with mouse, invertebrate, and yeast Hrd1.Transfection of HRD1 into an astrocytoma cell line resulted in colocalization with PERK, an ER membrane protein.