On 2 November, 2020, professor Zeyi Liu and Jian-an Huang from The First Affiffiffiliated Hospital of Soochow University published a paper on Cell Death and Difffferentiation. The paper titled KPNB1-mediated nuclear translocation of PD-L1 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation via the Gas6/MerTK signaling pathwayIn addition to the role of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in facilitating tumour cells escape from immune surveillance, it is considered as a crucial effffector in transducing intrinsic signals to promote tumour development. Our previous study has pointed out that PD-L1 promotes non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation, but the mechanism re......

Colony Stimulating Factor (CSF) are pleiotropic cytokines that can stimulate the proliferation, maturation, and function of hematopoietic cells. They bind to receptor proteins on the surfaces of hemopoietic stem cells, activating intracellular signaling pathways, then promoting production of white blood cells. Administration of exogenous colony stimulating factors stimulates the stem cells in the bone marrow to produce more of the particular white blood cells. The new white blood cells migrate into the blood and fifight the infection.

Chemotactic factors (CF) control the migration of cells between tissues and the positioning and interactions of cells within tissue. They mediate the host response to cancer by directing the traffiffifficking of leukocytes into the tumor microenvironment. They also play important roles in the biology of nonimmune cells important for tumor growth and progression. Chemotactic factors can directly modulate the growth of tumors by inducing the proliferation of cancer cells and preventing their apoptosis, direct tumor cell movement required for metastasis and modulate tumor growth through their effffects on tumor stromal cells.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) from the corresponding ligand and receptor systems that are widelu distributed in difffferent tissues and cell types. Collectively they play critical roles in numerous aspects of mammalian biology, including embryonic development, innate and adaptive immunity,and maintenance of cellular homeostasis.

Involucrin is a protein precursor of the epidermal cornifified envelope. Involucrin (IVL) is expressed in difffferentiating keratinocytes, incorporated into the cornifified envelope andaccumulates in the granular and transitional cells.. Involucrin is an early terminal difffferentiation marker of epidermal keratinocytes. The protein is mainly cross-linked by epidermal transglutaminase to the corneous cell envelope of corneocytes forming the corneal layer of stratifified epithelium.

Growth factors are a group of biologically active polypeptides produced by the body. Growth factors are quite versatile, stimulating cellular division in numerous difffferent cell types; while others are specifific to a particular cell-type. Growth Factors are essential to normal cell cycle, and are thus vital elements in the life of animals from conception to death and mediate fetal development, play a role in maintenance and repair of tissues, stimulate production of blood cells & participate in cancerous processes.